1.experiencing or showing sorrow or unhappiness;
feeling sad because his dog had died
2.of things that make you feel sad;
sad news
3.bad; unfortunate;
my finances were in a deplorable state
2005年,de la Monte課題組首次闡明了SAD作為3型糖尿病的新觀點。3型糖尿病的主要特點是:腦內胰島素受體的敏感性降低,即出現胰島素抵抗,但卻伴有腦內胰島素水平下降,對維持神經元存活起著重要作用的胰島素樣生長因子(IGF-1)及其受體水平也降低。這類病人可同時存在糖尿病或外周糖代謝異常。 SAD (Seasonal Affective Disorder)季節性情感障礙